Swift Observations of GRB 220711B

A. D'Ai (INAF-IASFPA), K.L. Page (U. Leicester) and N.J. Klingler (GSFC/UMBC/CRESTII) for the Swift team

1. Introduction

At 18:16:28 UT, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) triggered and located GRB 220711B (trigger=1115766) (D'Ai et al. GCN Circ. 32366). Swift slewed immediately to the burst. At the time of the trigger, the initial BAT position was 126° from the Sun (10.1 hours East) and 50° from the 94%-illuminated Moon. Table 1 contains the best reported positions from Swift, and the latest XRT position can be viewed at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_positions.

Malesani et al. (GCN Circ. 32368) reported the position from NOT for the optical afterglow of this GRB. Table 2 is a summary of GCN Circulars about this GRB from observatories other than Swift.

Standard analysis products for this burst are available at https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/swift_gnd_ana.html.

2. BAT Observations and Analysis

As reported by Krimm et al. (GCN Circ. 32374), the BAT ground-calculated position is RA, Dec = 262.018, 24.674 deg which is RA(J2000) = 17h28m04.3s Dec(J2000) = +24°40'27.1" with an uncertainty of 1.3 arcmin, (radius, sys+stat, 90% containment). The partial coding was 19%.

The mask-weighted light curve (Figure 1) shows a multi-peaked structure that starts at ~T-40 s and ends at ~T+100 s. The main peak occurs at ~T0. T90 (15-350 keV) is 88.64 ± 19.96 s (estimated error including systematics).

The time-averaged spectrum from T-37.72 to T+98.89 s is best fit by a simple power-law model. The power law index of the time-averaged spectrum is 1.75 ± 0.08. The fluence in the 15-150 keV band is 6.0 ± 0.3 x 10-6 erg cm-2. This fluence is larger than that of 86% of the long GRBs in the Second BAT GRB Catalog (Sakamoto et al. 2011). The 1-s peak photon flux measured from T-0.02 s in the 15-150 keV band is 3.0 ± 0.4 ph cm-2 s-1. All the quoted errors are at the 90% confidence level.

The results of the batgrbproduct analysis are available at https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/notices_s/1115766/BA/.

3. XRT Observations and Analysis

Analysis of the initial XRT data was reported by Page et al. (GCN Circ. 32372). We have analysed 21 ks of XRT data for GRB 220711B, from 93 s to 704.3 ks after the BAT trigger. The data comprise 414 s in Windowed Timing (WT) mode (the first 8 s were taken while Swift was slewing) with the remainder in Photon Counting (PC) mode. The enhanced XRT position for this burst was given by Beardmore et al. (GCN Circ. 32370).

The late-time light curve (Figure 2) (from T0+4.2 ks) can be modelled with a power-law decay with a decay index of α=1.04 (+0.07, -0.06).

A spectrum formed from the WT mode data can be fitted with an absorbed power-law with a photon spectral index of 1.94 ± 0.04. The best-fitting absorption column is 2.59 ± 0.16 x 1021 cm-2, in excess of the Galactic value of 7.4 x 1020 cm-2 (Willingale et al. 2013). The PC mode spectrum has a photon index of 2.08 (+0.18, -0.17) and a best-fitting absorption column of 2.3 ± 0.6 x 1021 cm-2. The counts to observed (unabsorbed) 0.3-10 keV flux conversion factor deduced from this spectrum is 3.4 x 10-11 (4.9 x 10-11) erg cm-2 count-1.

A summary of the PC-mode spectrum is thus:
Total column: 2.3 ± 0.6 x 1021 cm-2
Galactic foreground: 7.4 x 1020 cm-2
Excess significance: 4.3 σ
Photon index: 2.08 (+0.18, -0.17)

The results of the XRT team automatic analysis are available at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/01115766.

4. UVOT Observations and Analysis

The Swift/UVOT began settled observations of the field of GRB 220711B 114 s after the BAT trigger (Klingler and D'Ai GCN Circ. 32371). No optical afterglow consistent with the XRT position (Beardmore et al. GCN Circ. 32370) is detected in the initial UVOT exposures. Table 3 gives preliminary magnitudes using the UVOT photometric system (Breeveld et al. 2011, AIP Conf. Proc., 1358, 373). No correction has been made for the expected extinction in the Milky Way corresponding to a reddening of EB-V of 0.067 mag. in the direction of the GRB (Schlegel et al. 1998).

BAT light curve

Figure 1. The BAT mask-weighted light curve in the four individual and total energy bands. The units are counts s-1 illuminated-detector-1. The vertical green dash-dotted lines show the T50 interval, the vertical black dashed lines show the T90 interval, and vertical blue (orange) solid lines show the start (stop) of slews.

XRT light curve

Figure 2. The XRT light curve. Any data from a crosshatched region are not included in the fit.

RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Error Note Reference
17h28m04.56s +24°40'51.5" 2.0" XRT-final UKSSDC
17h28m04.56s +24°40'51.5" 2.1" XRT-enhanced Beardmore et al. GCN Circ. 32370
17h28m04.3s +24°40'27.1" 1.3' BAT-refined Krimm et al. GCN Circ. 32374

Table 1. Positions from the Swift instruments.

Band Authors GCN Circ. Subject Observatory Notes
Optical Strausbaugh and Cucchiara 32367 LCO Optical Upper Limits LCO upper limits
Optical Malesani et al. 32368 NOT optical observations NOT
Optical Lipunov et al. 32378 Fermi GRB 220711B: Global MASTER-Net
observations report
MASTER
Optical Swain et al. 32380 GIT optical upper limits GROWTH-India Tel. upper limits
Optical Komesh et al. 32381 NUTTelA-TAO / BSTI Early Optical Limits
(Preliminary)
NUTTelA upper limits
Optical Guelbenzu et al. 32383 GROND observations GROND detection
Optical Sanchez-Ramirez et al. 32386 10.4 m GTC(+EMIR) observations GTC detection
Optical Sanchez-Ramirez et al. 32387 10.4 m GTC(+EMIR) observations GTC detection
Optical Hu 32388 Retraction of GRB 220711B: 10.4 m
GTC(+EMIR) observations (GCN Circ. 32387)
GTC retraction
Gamma-ray Fermi 32365 Fermi GBM Final Real-time Localization Fermi GBM
Gamma-ray Lesage and Meegan 32369 Fermi GBM Detection Fermi GBM Epeak=81±6 keV
T90=82 seconds
Fluence=1.02±0.04x10-5erg cm-2
(brighter than 75% of long GRBs)
Gamma-ray Shimizu et al. 32416 CALET Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor detection CALET

Table 2. Summary of GCN Circulars from other observatories sorted by band and then circular number.

Filter Tstart(s) Tstop(s) Exp(s) Mag
whiteFC 114 264 147 >21.0
uFC 326 576 246 >20.2
white 114 915 221 >21.0
v 655 4601 236 >19.7
b 581 773 39 >19.7
u 326 5120 368 >20.4
w1 704 5011 216 >20.5
m2 852 4806 216 >19.4
w2 631 4396 216 >20.4

Table 3. UVOT observations reported by Klingler and D'Ai (GCN Circ. 32371). The start and stop times of the exposures are given in seconds since the BAT trigger. The preliminary 3-σ upper limits are given. No correction has been made for extinction in the Milky Way.

July 20, 2022