The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory

Swift satellite artists conception Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful explosions the Universe has seen since the Big Bang. They occur approximately once per day and are brief, but intense, flashes of gamma radiation. They come from all different directions of the sky and last from a few milliseconds to a few hundred seconds. So far scientists do not know what causes them. Do they signal the birth of a black hole in a massive stellar explosion? Are they the product of the collision of two neutron stars? Or is it some other exotic phenomenon that causes these bursts?

With Swift, a NASA mission with international participation, scientists have a tool dedicated to answering these questions and solving the gamma-ray burst mystery. Its three instruments give scientists the ability to scrutinize gamma-ray bursts like never before. Within seconds of detecting a burst, Swift relays its location to ground stations, allowing both ground-based and space-based telescopes around the world the opportunity to observe the burst's afterglow. Swift is part of NASA's medium explorer (MIDEX) program and was launched into a low-Earth orbit on a Delta 7320 rocket on November 20, 2004. The Principal Investigator is Dr. Brad Cenko (NASA-GSFC).

NASA's Swift Studies Gas-Churning Monster Black Holes
NASA's Swift Studies Gas-Churning Monster Black Holes
Scientists using observations from NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory have discovered, for the first time, the signal from a pair of monster black holes disrupting a cloud of gas in the center of a galaxy.

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Swift's 20th Anniversary
Swift's 20th Anniversary

Swift Operations Status

Swift has suspended science observations to prioritize orbital lifetime in support of the reboost mission.

Latest Swift News

Testing Begins for Katalyst-NASA Swift Boost Mission

Apr 17, 2026

On April 14, engineers from Katalyst Space Technologies arrived at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, to begin environmental tests of the company's LINK robotic servicing spacecraft in preparation for its launch later this year.
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Swift Mission Transitions Ops to Prep for Orbit Boost

Feb 11, 2026

NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory temporarily suspended most science operations in an effort to reduce atmospheric drag and slow the spacecraft's orbital decay. Halting these activities will enable controllers to keep the spacecraft in an orientation that minimizes drag effects, extending its time in orbit in anticipation of a reboost mission.
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